Nontuberculous 分枝杆菌 (特种加工)
Overview
Nontuberculous mycobacteria (特种加工) is a group of bacteria, normally found in soil 和 water 和 some domestic 和 wild animals, that can cause severe lung disease. Although NTM naturally exists in the environment 和 doesn't affect most people, some develop an NTM infection when they inhale the bacteria in the air or water mist, or when they drink water containing NTM.
Each year in the United States, about two in every 100,000 people develop an NTM infection. Some people who are susceptible to the infection have an unknown defect in their lung structure or immune system, 先前存在的肺部损伤 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)，例如 肺气肿 和 支气管扩张, or an immune deficiency disorder，例如 艾滋病毒 or 艾滋病.
NTM does not cause tuberculosis (TB), 不像肺结核, which is spread from person to person, NTM不会传染.
Our Approach to Nontuberculous 分枝杆菌
NTM infections can cause 症状 seen in other lung conditions, making diagnosis a challenge. UCSF pulmonologists are experts at detecting 和 treating these infections, 和 tailor therapy to the species of bacteria causing each patient's illness. The medication regimens may have side effects, so our specialists monitor patients closely during treatment.
奖 & 识别
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Among the top hospitals in the nation
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No. 肺病学全国排名第八 & 肺部手术
迹象 & 症状
Although nontuberculous mycobacteria can affect all organs of the body, the condition primarily affects the lungs. Symptoms typically progress slowly 和 may include:
- Blood in sputum (mucus 和 other matter brought up from the lungs, bronchi, 和 trachea)
- 咳嗽
- 发热
- 食欲不振
- 能量损失
- 盗汗
- 减肥
诊断
In making a diagnosis of nontuberculous mycobacteria, your doctor will first start by conducting a thorough physical examination, recording your medical history 和 asking about any 症状 you may be experiencing.
Diagnosing NTM may be difficult because 症状 often resemble those caused by other health conditions, 例如肺结核(TB). 如果患者确实患有NTM, it is important to determine which type of bacteria is causing the condition.
The following 测试s may be also be conducted to make a definite diagnosis:
- High Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) 这是一种特殊的 CT扫描 that provides your doctor with high-resolution images of your lungs. Having a HRCT is no different than having a regular CT扫描; they both are performed on an open-air table 和 take only a few minutes.
- 痰液培养 Several samples of your sputum will be 测试ed in a specialized lab to check for NTM bacteria.
- 支气管镜检查 这 测试 involves passing a flexible fiberoptic scope, 大约一支铅笔的直径, into the lungs to obtain fluid 和 sometimes tissue samples to aid in diagnosis. 这 测试 is an outpatient procedure, which means you do not have to stay overnight in the hospital, 并且是由你的十大赌博平台排行榜来做的.
治疗
Treatment for nontuberculous mycobacteria will depend on the specific bacteria causing your infection. Treatment may be difficult because NTM bacteria may be resistant to many common types of antibiotics.
For some patients, the same drugs used to treat tuberculosis (TB) will be recommended.
To avoid becoming resistant to medications, you may take several types of antibiotics at the same time. These drugs may cause side effects 和 your doctor will monitor you closely during your treatment regimen. The length of treatment varies, depending on the severity of the disease.
加州大学旧金山分校健康 medical specialists have reviewed this information. It is for educational purposes only 和 is not intended to replace the advice of your doctor or other health care provider. We encourage you to discuss any questions or concerns you may have with your provider.
