Diabetes Insipidus

Signs & symptoms

The primary symptoms of diabetes insipidus are excessive thirst and excessive urination, 有时甚至每15分钟一次. 这是由缺乏抗利尿激素(ADH)引起的。, 也叫抗利尿激素, 或者肾脏对ADH没有反应.

Because of the excessive consumption of fluids, your urine may be very clear, like water. Most people with this condition become so thirsty that they drink enough water to replace all of the fluid they urinate and avoid dehydration.

Diagnosis

诊断尿崩症, your doctor will ask you questions about your health and that of other family members, particularly if your doctor suspects you have the inherited form of the disease. 可能进行的测试包括:

• Urinalysis. 这项检查检查你的尿液内容物. If the water content is high and the salt and waste concentration low, 可能是尿崩症引起的.
• 液体或水分剥夺试验. This is a test to measure changes in your body weight, urine output and urine contents. Prior to this test, your doctor will measure your weight and collect a urine sample for analysis. Your doctor will ask you to stop drinking fluids for several hours. 在此期间，将收集尿样. Your doctor also may measure the blood levels of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) or vasopressin. 适用于儿童和孕妇, it's important that no more than 5 percent of body weight is lost during the test.
• 磁共振成像(MRI). An MRI scan of the head may be performed to look for abnormalities in or near the pituitary gland. This scan uses powerful magnets and radio waves to create detailed images of the brain.

Treatments

The medication used to treat this disorder is called desmopressin acetate (DDAVP), 类似于抗利尿激素(ADH), 也叫抗利尿激素, 由你的身体产生. DDAVP有几种形式. Your doctor will work with you to prescribe the one that works best for you. 不同的形式有:

• 喷鼻剂. 这是药物被喷进你的鼻孔. A dose is usually taken at bedtime so you can sleep through the night uninterrupted. 有些人可能需要在白天服用一剂.
• 鼻管液. This form of the medication is stored in the refrigerator at all times. A small tube is used to deliver very precise doses of medication into your nose. Though the medication can be more difficult to deliver through the rhinal tube, 你可以根据需要改变药物的剂量. It can be more helpful for those who have a varying schedule or who need very small doses. Both this form and the nasal spray are delivered into your nostril for very rapid absorption into the bloodstream. Clean your nostrils with a tissue before administering the medication for better absorption.
• Pills. 药片很方便，但需要更长的时间才能生效. You won't feel your thirst dissipate as quickly as you would by taking the spray or rhinal tube. For some patients, pills aren't as effective in controlling symptoms. 遵医嘱服药是很重要的. Most people take a dose at bedtime so they sleep through the night comfortably. You may find that you sometimes need a dose during the day to control your symptoms or that your needs change when you're ill, 特别是如果你鼻子不通气的话, 当davp喷剂也不能被吸收时. 你不需要每天同一时间服用davp.

如果你不需要，就不要吃药. 在下列情况下服药:

• 排尿过多或尿液清澈如水
• 过度口渴

如果你服用了太多的davp或者在你不需要的时候服用, your body may retain too much fluid and you may develop a condition called hyponatremia, 这可能会危及生命. Warning signs of this disorder include decreased thirst and urination, headache, nausea, 疲劳和困惑.

If you feel that your symptoms aren't being controlled or if you experience some of the warning signs of hyponatremia, 联系你的十大赌博平台排行榜，以便调整你的药物剂量. If properly treated, you should be able to maintain your normal lifestyle and activities.