Chronic Bronchitis

Overview

慢性支气管炎是一种常见的慢性支气管炎，每年影响数百万美国人 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) 在这种情况下，肺部的空气通道——支气管——会反复发炎, leading to scarring of the bronchi walls. As a result, 过量的黏液产生并充满支气管, which become thickened, impeding normal airflow through the lungs.

吸烟是患慢性支气管炎的头号危险因素. 超过90%的慢性支气管炎患者有吸烟史, 尽管只有15%的吸烟者最终被诊断出患有某种类型的慢性阻塞性肺病, such as chronic bronchitis.

Our Aaproach to chronic bronchitis

UCSF为所有类型的COPD提供全面的评估和护理. When treating chronic bronchitis, we aim to ease symptoms, slow progression of the disease and prevent complications.

Treatment options include medications, supplemental oxygen and, for some patients, surgery to remove small portions of damaged lung. UCSF also offers pulmonary rehabilitation, 这是一个多方面的项目，提供营养和运动咨询, 帮助戒烟和教育如何尽可能保持健康.

In addition to caring for patients, 我们领导研究以提高对慢性阻塞性肺病的认识和治疗. 感兴趣的患者可以选择通过参加临床试验来接受实验性治疗.

Awards & recognition

Among the top hospitals in the nation
No. 8 in the nation for pulmonology & lung surgery
Rated high-performing hospital for COPD

Signs & symptoms

患有慢性支气管炎的人会出现一种持续的产生粘液的咳嗽，这种咳嗽在一个月的大部分时间都存在, or for three months of the year for two successive years. 其他症状包括频繁清喉咙和呼吸短促.

Diagnosis

In making a diagnosis of chronic bronchitis, 你的十大赌博平台排行榜会先给你做一次全面的身体检查, 记录你的病史并询问你正在经历的任何症状.

然后可进行下列检查以作出明确诊断:

Pulmonary function testing (PFT). This test 包括一系列的呼吸动作，测量你肺部的气流和空气量. 这可以让你的十大赌博平台排行榜客观地评估你的肺功能.
High resolution computed tomography (HRCT). This is a special type of CT scan 这为你的十大赌博平台排行榜提供了你肺部的高分辨率图像. Having a HRCT is no different than having a regular CT scan; they both are performed on an open-air table and take only a few minutes.
Chest X-ray. Chest X-rays 是否有助于确认慢性支气管炎的诊断并排除其他肺部疾病.
Sputum examination. 分析痰中的细胞可以帮助确定一些肺部问题的原因.

Treatments

治疗慢性支气管炎的目的是缓解症状, 预防并发症和减缓疾病的进展. 对于慢性支气管炎患者来说，戒烟也是必不可少的, 因为继续使用烟草只会进一步损害肺部. Our Tobacco Education Center offers classes 以及向接受过治疗烟草成瘾培训的十大赌博平台排行榜进行个别咨询. 我们帮助吸烟者最大限度地提高成功戒烟的可能性.

Treatment may include:

Bronchodilator medications. Inhaled as aerosol sprays or taken orally, 支气管扩张药物可以通过放松和打开肺部的空气通道来帮助缓解慢性支气管炎的症状.
Steroids. 作为气雾剂吸入，类固醇可以帮助缓解慢性支气管炎的症状. Over time, however, inhaled steroids can cause side effects, such as weakened bones, high blood pressure, diabetes and cataracts. 在使用类固醇之前与十大赌博平台排行榜讨论这些副作用是很重要的.
Antibiotics. 抗生素可用于对抗慢性支气管炎患者常见的呼吸道感染.
Vaccines. 患有慢性支气管炎的患者应该每年注射一次流感疫苗，每5到7年注射一次肺炎疫苗，以防止感染.
Oxygen therapy. As a patient's disease progresses, 他们可能会发现自己呼吸越来越困难，可能需要补充氧气. 氧气有多种形式，可以通过不同的装置输送, including those you can use at home.
Surgery. Lung volume reduction surgery, 在此过程中，受损肺组织的小楔形被移除, 是否可推荐用于某些慢性支气管炎患者.
Pulmonary rehabilitation. 慢性支气管炎治疗的一个重要组成部分是肺康复, which includes education, nutrition counseling, learning special breathing techniques, help with quitting smoking and starting an exercise regimen. 因为患有慢性支气管炎的人通常身体受限, they may avoid any kind of physical activity. 然而，有规律的体育活动实际上可以改善病人的健康和幸福.