Serum herpes simplex 抗体

定义

Serum herpes simplex 抗体 is a blood test that looks for 抗体 to the herpes simplex virus (HSV), 包括HSV-1和HSV-2. HSV-1 most often causes cold sores (oral herpes). HSV-2 causes 生殖器疱疹.

选择的名字

Herpes serology; HSV blood test

如何执行测试

A 血液样本 是必要的.

The sample is taken to the lab and tested for the presence and amount of 抗体.

How to Prepare for the Test

No special steps are needed to prepare for this test.

考试的感觉如何

When the needle is inserted to draw blood, some people feel a little pain. Others feel only a prick or stinging sensation. Afterward, there may be some throbbing.

为什么要进行测试

The test is done to find out whether a person has ever been infected with oral or 生殖器疱疹. It looks for 抗体 to herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) and herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2). An antibody is a substance made by the body's immune system when it detects harmful substances such as the herpes virus. This test does not detect the virus itself.

正常的结果

A negative (normal) test most often means you have not been infected with HSV-1 or HSV-2.

If the infection occurred very recently (within a few weeks to 3 months), 测试结果可能是阴性的, but you may still be infected. This is called a false negative. It can take up to 3 months after a possible herpes exposure for this test to be positive.

Normal value ranges may vary slightly among different laboratories. Some labs use different measurements or test different samples. Talk to your doctor about the meaning of your specific test results.

异常结果意味着什么

A positive test means you have been infected with HSV recently or at some point in the past.

Tests can be done to help determine if you have a recent infection.

About 70% of adults have been infected by HSV-1 and have 抗体 against the virus. About 20% to 50% of adults will have 抗体 against the HSV-2 virus, which causes 生殖器疱疹.

HSV stays in your system once you have been infected. It may be "asleep" (dormant), and cause no symptoms, or it may flare up and cause symptoms. This test cannot tell whether you are having a flare-up.

风险

风险 associated with having blood drawn are slight but may include:

• 大出血
• Fainting or feeling lightheaded
• Hematoma (blood accumulating under the skin)
• Infection (a slight risk any time the skin is broken)

注意事项

Even when you do not have sores, you can pass (shed) the virus to someone during sexual or other close contact. 保护他人:

• Let any sexual partner know that you have herpes before having sex. Allow him or her to decide what to do. If you both agree to have sex, use latex or polyurethane condoms.
• DO NOT have vaginal, anal, or oral sex when you have sores on or near the genitals, anus, or mouth.
• DO NOT kiss or have oral sex when you have a sore on the lips or inside the mouth.
• DO NOT share your towels, toothbrush, or lipstick. Make sure dishes and utensils you use are washed well with detergent before others use them.
• Wash your hands well with soap and water after touching a sore.

参考文献

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website. Sexually transmitted infections treatment guidelines, 2021. www.疾病预防控制中心.gov/std/treatment-guidelines/default.htm. 2021年7月22日更新. 于2021年8月31日生效.

汗R. 女性. 见:格林M，德雷克WM，编辑. Hutchison's Clinical Methods. 24日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018:chap 5.

Schiffer JT, Corey L. 单纯疱疹病毒. In: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, eds. Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 9日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 135.

惠特利RJ，格南JW. 单纯疱疹病毒 infections. In: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil医学. 26日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 350.