重组带状疱疹疫苗,RZV -你需要知道的
Definition
以下所有内容全部摘自CDC重组带状疱疹疫苗信息声明(VIS):
Information
Why get vaccinated?
Recombinant zoster (shingles) vaccine can prevent shingles.
Shingles (也称为带状疱疹,或简称带状疱疹)是一种疼痛的皮肤皮疹,通常伴有水泡. 除了皮疹,带状疱疹还会引起发烧、头痛、发冷或胃部不适. Rarely, shingles can lead to complications such as pneumonia, hearing problems, blindness, brain inflammation (encephalitis), or death.
The risk of shingles increases with age. 带状疱疹最常见的并发症是长期的神经痛,称为带状疱疹后神经痛(PHN)。. PHN发生在带状疱疹皮疹的区域,并可能在皮疹消失后持续数月或数年. The pain from PHN can be severe and debilitating.
The risk of PHN increases with age. 患有带状疱疹的老年人更有可能发展为PHN,并且比年轻人有更持久和更严重的疼痛.
免疫系统较弱的人患带状疱疹和该病并发症的风险也较高.
带状疱疹是由水痘带状疱疹病毒引起的,与引起水痘的病毒相同. 在你患水痘后,病毒会留在你的体内,并在以后的生活中引起带状疱疹. Shingles cannot be passed from one person to another, 但是,导致带状疱疹的病毒可以在从未患过水痘或从未接种过水痘疫苗的人身上传播并导致水痘.
Recombinant shingles vaccine
重组带状疱疹疫苗对带状疱疹具有很强的保护作用. By preventing shingles, 重组带状疱疹疫苗还可以预防PHN和其他并发症.
Recombinant shingles vaccine is recommended for:
- Adults 50 years and older
- 19岁及以上因疾病或治疗导致免疫系统减弱的成年人
Shingles vaccine is given as a two-dose series. 对于大多数人来说,第二次剂量应在第一次剂量后2至6个月进行. 一些免疫系统已经或即将变弱的人可以在第一次接种后1到2个月接种第二剂. Ask your health care provider for guidance.
曾经患过带状疱疹的人,以及曾经接种过水痘疫苗的人,建议接种重组带状疱疹疫苗. 这种疫苗也被推荐给已经接种过另一种带状疱疹疫苗的人, the live shingles vaccine. 重组带状疱疹疫苗中不含活病毒.
带状疱疹疫苗可与其他疫苗同时接种.
Talk with your health care provider
如果接种疫苗的人:
- Has had an 先前接种重组带状疱疹疫苗后的过敏反应, or has any severe, life-threatening allergies.
- Is currently experiencing an episode of shingles.
- Is pregnant.
In some cases, 你的卫生保健提供者可能决定推迟带状疱疹疫苗接种,直到未来的访问.
患有轻微疾病的人,如感冒,可以接种疫苗. 患有中度或重度疾病的人通常应该等到康复后再接种重组带状疱疹疫苗.
你的医疗保健提供者可以给你更多的信息.
Risks of a vaccine reaction
- 重组带状疱疹疫苗接种后,手臂疼痛伴轻度或中度疼痛是很常见的. 注射部位也会出现红肿.
- Tiredness, muscle pain, headache, shivering, fever, stomach pain, 重组带状疱疹疫苗接种后,恶心是常见的.
这些副作用可能会暂时阻止接种疫苗的人进行常规活动. Symptoms usually go away on their own in 2 to 3 days. 即使在第一次接种后出现上述反应之一,你仍然应该接种第二剂重组带状疱疹疫苗.
Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), a serious nervous system disorder, 重组带状疱疹疫苗后很少有报道吗.
人们有时会在医疗程序后晕倒,包括接种疫苗. 如果你感到头晕、视力改变或耳鸣,告诉你的十大赌博平台排行榜.
As with any medicine, 疫苗引起严重过敏反应的可能性很小, other serious injury, or death.
What if there is a serious problem?
接种疫苗的人离开诊所后可能会发生过敏反应. 如果你看到严重过敏反应(荨麻疹)的迹象, swelling of the face and throat, difficulty breathing, a fast heartbeat, dizziness, or weakness), call 9-1-1 and get the person to the nearest hospital.
如果你有其他症状,请打电话给你的医疗保健提供者.
不良反应应向疫苗不良事件报告系统(VAERS)报告。. 你的医疗保健提供者通常会提交这份报告,或者你可以自己做. Visit the VAERS website at
How can I learn more?
- Ask your health care provider.
- Contact your
local or state health department . - Visit the website of the
Food and Drug Administration 查看疫苗包装说明书和其他信息.
联系疾病控制和预防中心(CDC).
- Call 1-800-232-4636 (1-800-CDC-INFO) or
- Visit
CDC's vaccines website .
References
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website. Recombinant shingles VIS.
Review Date: 02/04/2022