肺血管造影

定义

肺血管造影 is a test to see how blood flows through the lung.

血管造影是一种影像学检查 x射线 and a special dye to see the insides of the arteries. Arteries are blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart.

选择的名字

Pulmonary arteriography; Pulmonary angiogram; Angiogram of the lungs

如何执行测试

这个测试是在十大赌博平台排行榜做的. You will be asked to lie on an x-ray table.

• Before the test starts, you will be given a mild sedative to help you relax.
• 你身体的一部分, 最常见的是手臂或腹股沟, is cleaned and numbed with a local numbing medicine (anesthetic).
• The radiologist inserts a needle or makes a small cut in a vein in the area that has been cleaned. A thin hollow tube called a catheter is inserted.
• The catheter is placed through the vein and carefully moved up into and through the right-sided heart chambers and into the pulmonary artery, 哪个通向肺. The doctor can see live x-ray images of the area on a TV-like monitor, and use them as a guide.
• Once the catheter is in place, dye is injected into the catheter. X-ray images are taken to see how the dye moves through the lungs' arteries. The dye helps detect any blockages to blood flow.

你的 脉冲, blood pressure, and breathing are checked during the procedure. 心电图 (ECG) leads are taped to your arms and legs to monitor your heart.

After the x射线 are taken, the needle and catheter are removed.

Pressure is applied to the puncture site for 20 to 45 minutes to stop the bleeding. After that time, the area is checked and a tight bandage is applied. You should keep your leg straight for 6 hours after the procedure.

Rarely, medicines are delivered to the lungs if a blood clot has been found during the procedure.

如何准备考试

You may be asked not to eat or drink anything for 6 to 8 hours before the test.

You will be asked to wear a hospital gown and sign a consent form for the procedure. 从被成像的区域取出珠宝.

告诉你的医疗保健提供者:

• 如果你怀孕了
• If you have ever had any allergic reactions to x-ray contrast material, 贝类, 或者碘物质
• 如果你对任何药物过敏
• Which medicines you are taking (including any herbal preparations)
• 如果你曾经有过出血问题

考试的感觉如何

x光台可能感觉冷. Ask for a blanket or pillow if you are uncomfortable. You may feel a brief sting when the numbing medicine is given and a brief, 锋利的, 插入导管时用棍子.

You may feel some pressure as the catheter moves up into the lungs. The contrast dye can cause a feeling of warmth and flushing. This is normal and usually goes away in a few seconds.

You may have some tenderness and bruising at the site of the injection after the test.

为什么要进行测试

该测试最常用于检测 血凝块 (肺栓塞) and other blockages in the blood flow in the lung. Most of the time, your provider will have tried other tests to diagnose a blood clot in the lungs.

肺血管造影 may also be used to help diagnose:

• 肺AV畸形
• Congenital (present from birth) narrowing of the pulmonary vessels
• 肺动脉动脉瘤
• 肺动脉高压, high blood pressure in the arteries of the lungs

正常的结果

The x-ray will show normal structures for the age of the person.

异常结果意味着什么

异常结果可能是由于:

• 肺血管动脉瘤
• Blood clot in the lungs (肺栓塞)
• 血管狭窄
• 原发性肺动脉高压
• 肺肿瘤

风险

A person may develop an abnormal heart rhythm during this test. The health care team will monitor your heart and can treat any abnormal rhythms that develop.

其他风险包括:

• 对造影剂过敏
• Damage to the blood vessel as the needle and catheter are inserted
• Blood clot traveling to the lungs, causing an 栓塞
• Excessive bleeding or a blood clot where the catheter is inserted, 哪一种可以减少流向腿部的血流量
• 心脏病发作或中风
• Hematoma (a collection of blood at the site of the needle puncture)
• 穿刺处的神经受伤
• 染料对肾脏造成损害
• 肺部血管受伤
• 肺部出血
• 咳血
• 呼吸衰竭
• 死亡

辐射量很低. 你的 provider will monitor and regulate the x射线 to provide the least amount of radiation exposure. Most experts feel that the risk is low compared with the benefits. Pregnant women and children are more sensitive to the risks for x射线.

注意事项

计算机断层扫描(CT)血管造影 of the chest has largely replaced this test.

参考文献

Hartman IJC，新泽西州斯克雷顿. Pulmonary circulation and pulmonary thrombo栓塞. In: Adam A, Dixon AK, Gillard JH, Schaefer-Prokop CM, eds. 格兰杰 & 艾利森诊断放射学. 7日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021:chap 16.

Nazeef M, Sheehan JP. 静脉血栓栓塞. In: Kellerman RD, Rakel DP, Heidelbaugh JJ, Lee EM, eds. 康恩目前的治疗2023. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2023:952-962.

雾人是的. Angiography: principles, techniques and complications. In: Adam A, Dixon AK, Gillard JH, Schaefer-Prokop CM, eds. 格兰杰 & 艾利森诊断放射学. 7日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021:chap 78.