Potassium urine test

定义

The potassium urine test measures the amount of potassium in the urine.

选择的名字

尿钾

How the Test is Performed

After you provide a urine sample, it is tested in the lab. If needed, the health care provider may ask you to collect your urine at home over 24 hours. Your provider will tell you how to do this. Follow instructions exactly so that the results are accurate.

How to Prepare for the Test

Your provider may ask you to temporarily stop taking any medicines that may affect the test results. Tell your provider about all the medicines you take, including:

• 糖皮质激素
• Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
• Potassium supplements
• Water pills (diuretics)

DO NOT stop taking any medicine before talking to your provider.

How the Test will Feel

This test involves only normal urination. There is no discomfort.

Why the Test is Performed

Your provider may order this test if you have signs of a condition that affects body fluids, such as dehydration, 呕吐, 或腹泻.

It may also be done to diagnose or confirm disorders of the kidneys or 肾上腺.

正常的结果

对于成年人来说, normal urine potassium values are generally 20 mEq/L in a random urine sample and 25 to 125 mEq per day in a 24 hour collection. Lower or higher urinary level may occur depending on the amount of potassium in your diet and the amount of potassium in your body.

The examples above are common measurements for results of these tests. Normal value ranges may vary slightly among different laboratories. Some labs use different measurements or test different samples. Talk to your provider about the meaning of your specific test results.

What Abnormal Results Mean

A higher than normal urine potassium level may be due to:

• 糖尿病性酸中毒 and other forms of metabolic acidosis
• Eating disorders (anorexia, bulimia)
• Kidney problems, such as damage to kidney cells called tubule cells (acute tubular necrosis)
• Low blood magnesium level (hypomagnesemia)
• Muscle damage (rhabdomyolysis)

Low urine potassium level may be due to:

• 某些药物, including beta blockers, 锂, 甲氧苄氨嘧啶, potassium-sparing diuretics, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
• 肾上腺 releasing too little aldosterone (hypoaldosteronism)

风险

There are no risks with this test.

参考文献

Kamel KS, Halperin ML. Interpretation of electrolyte and acid-base parameters in blood and urine. In: Yu ASL, Chertow GM, Luyckx VA, Marsden PA, Skorecki K, Taal MW, eds. Brenner and Rector's The Kidney. 11日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 24.

Villeneuve P-M, Bagshaw SM. Assessment of urine biochemistry. In: Ronco C, Bellomo R, Kellum JA, Ricci Z, eds. Critical Care Nephrology. 3日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019:chap 55.