PET扫描检查乳腺癌

定义

正电子发射断层扫描 (PET)扫描 is an imaging test that uses a radioactive substance (called a tracer) to look for potential spread of 乳腺癌. This tracer can help identify areas of 癌症 that an MRI or CT scan may not show.

选择的名字

Breast positron emission tomography; PET - breast; PET - tumor imaging - breast

如何执行测试

A PET scan requires a small amount of radioactive material (tracer). 这种示踪剂通过静脉(IV)给药。, 通常是在肘部内侧, 或者在你手上的小血管里. 示踪剂会穿过你的血液, collects in organs and tissues and gives off a signal that helps the radiologist see certain areas or disease more clearly.

You will need to wait nearby as your body absorbs the tracer. 这通常需要1个小时.

Then, you will lie on a narrow table, which slides into a large tunnel-shaped scanner. The PET scanner detects signals that are given off from the tracer. A computer converts the results into 3D pictures. The images are displayed on a monitor for your doctor to interpret.

考试时你必须躺着不动. Too much movement can blur images and cause errors.

测试大约需要90分钟.

Most PET scans are performed along with a CT scan. This combination scan is called a PET/CT and allows a detailed examination of the whole body, 寻找癌细胞的迹象.

如何准备考试

You may be asked not to eat anything for 4 to 6 hours before the scan. 你就可以喝水了.

如果出现以下情况，请告知您的医疗保健提供者:

• You are afraid of closed spaces (have claustrophobia). You may be given a medicine to help you feel sleepy and less anxious.
• You are pregnant or think you might be pregnant.
• 你在母乳喂养.
• You have any allergies to injected dye (contrast).
• 你用胰岛素治疗糖尿病. 如果是这样，你需要特别的准备.

Always tell your provider about the medicines you're taking, 包括那些非处方购买的. Sometimes, medicines can interfere with the test results.

考试的感觉如何

You may feel a sharp sting when the needle containing the tracer is placed into your vein.

PET扫描不会引起疼痛. The room and table may be cold, but you can request a blanket or pillow.

An intercom in the room allows you to speak to someone at any time.

There is no recovery time, unless you were given a medicine to relax.

为什么要进行测试

PET扫描最常用于其他检查, 比如核磁共振扫描或CT扫描, do not provide enough information or physicians are looking for the potential spread of the 乳腺癌 to lymph nodes or beyond.

If you have 乳腺癌, your doctor may order this scan:

• Soon after your diagnosis to see if the 癌症 has spread and to help tailor your treatments
• After treatment if there is concern that the 癌症 has come back
• During treatment to see if the 癌症 is responding to treatment

A PET scan is not used to screen for, or diagnose, 乳腺癌.

正常的结果

A normal result means there are no areas outside the breast in which the radiotracer has abnormally collected. This result most likely means the 乳腺癌 has not spread to other parts of the body.

Very small areas of 乳腺癌 may not show up on a PET scan.

异常结果意味着什么

Abnormal results may mean that the 乳腺癌 may have spread outside of the breast.

Blood sugar or insulin level may affect the test results in people with diabetes.

风险

The amount of radiation used in a PET scan is low. It is about the same amount of radiation as in most CT scans. Also, the radiation does not last for very long in your body.

Women who are pregnant or breastfeeding should let their doctor know before having this test. Infants and babies developing in the womb are more sensitive to the effects of radiation because their organs are still growing.

It is possible, although very unlikely, to have an allergic reaction to the radioactive substance. Some people have pain, redness, or swelling at the injection site.

扫描完成后, you may be asked to drink a lot of water and stay away from children under 13 years old or anyone pregnant for 24 hours.

如果你是母乳喂养，告诉你的十大赌博平台排行榜. Your doctor may recommend that you do not breastfeed for 24 hours after the scan.

参考文献

Bassett LW, Lee-Felker S. 乳腺影像学筛查和诊断. In: Bland KI, Copeland EM, Klimberg VS, Gradishar WJ, eds. The Breast: Comprehensive Management of Benign and Malignant Diseases. 5日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018:chap 26.

陈国强，张国强. 正电子发射断层扫描(PET) -诊断. 见:陈国强，张国强编. 实验室测试和诊断程序. 6日艾德. St Louis, MO: Elsevier Saunders; 2013:892-894.

国家癌症研究所网站. Breast 癌症 treatment (adult) (PDQ) - health professional version. www.癌症.gov /类型/乳房/ hp / breast-treatment-pdq. 2023年2月9日更新. 2023年2月28日发布.

Tabouret-Viaud C, Botsikas D, Delattre BM, et al. PET/MR在乳腺癌中的应用. 半核医学. 2015;45(4):304-321. PMID: 26050658 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.国家卫生研究院.gov / 26050658 /.