血镁试验

定义

A serum magnesium test measures the level of magnesium in the blood.

选择的名字

镁-血液

How the Test is Performed

A 血液样本 是必要的.

How to Prepare for the Test

No special preparation 是必要的.

How the Test will Feel

When the needle is inserted to draw blood, some people feel slight pain. Others feel a prick or stinging. Afterward, there may be some throbbing or a slight bruise. 这很快就会消失.

Why the Test is Performed

This test is done when your health care provider suspects you have an abnormal level of magnesium in your blood.

Only a small amount of the body’s total amount of magnesium is found in the blood. About one half of the body's magnesium is found in bone. The other half is found inside cells of body tissues and organs.

Magnesium 是必要的 for many chemical processes in the body. It helps maintain normal muscle and nerve function and helps keep bones strong. Magnesium is also needed for the heart to function normally and to help regulate blood pressure. Magnesium also helps the body control blood sugar level and helps support the body's defense (immune) system.

正常的结果

The normal range for blood magnesium level is 1.7 to 2.2毫克/分升(0.85 to 1.10更易/ L).

Normal value ranges may vary slightly among different laboratories. Some labs use different measurements or test different samples. Talk to your provider about the meaning of your specific test results.

What Abnormal Results Mean

A high blood magnesium level may be due to:

• Adrenal insufficiency (the glands are not producing enough hormones)
• Diabetic ketoacidosis, a life-threatening problem in people with diabetes
• 使用锂
• Loss of kidney function (acute or chronic renal failure)
• Loss of body fluids (脱水)
• 乳碱综合征 (a condition in which there is a high level of calcium in the body)

A low blood magnesium level may be due to:

• Alcohol use disorder
• Diabetes that is uncontrolled
• 腹泻 这是慢性的
• Hyperaldosteronism (adrenal gland produces too much of the hormone aldosterone)
• Hypercalcemia (high blood calcium level)
• 肾脏疾病
• 药物, such as proton pump inhibitors for acid reflux, diuretics (water pills), aminoglycoside antibiotics, 两性霉素, 顺铂, calcineurin inhibitors
• Inflammation of the pancreas (pancreatitis)
• High blood pressure and protein in the urine in a pregnant woman (子痫前期)
• Inflammation of the lining of the large intestine and rectum (溃疡性结肠炎)

风险

There is little risk in having your blood taken. Veins and arteries vary in size from one person to another and from one side of the body to the other. Taking blood from some people may be more difficult than from others.

Other risks may include:

• 大出血
• Fainting or feeling lightheaded
• Multiple punctures to locate veins
• Hematoma (blood accumulating under the skin)
• Infection (a slight risk any time the skin is broken)

参考文献

Klemm KM, Klein MJ, Zhang Y. Biochemical markers of bone metabolism. In: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, eds. Henry's Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods. 24日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2022:chap 16.

梅森JB，布斯SL. Vitamins, trace minerals, and other micronutrients. In: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Medicine. 26日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 205.