腰骶椎CT

定义

腰骶椎CT是一种 计算机断层扫描 scan of the lower spine and surrounding tissues.

选择的名字

Spinal CT; CT - lumbosacral spine; Low back pain - CT; LBP - CT

如何执行测试

You will be asked to lie on a narrow table that slides into the center of the CT scanner. You will need to lie on your back for this test.

Once inside the scanner, the machine's x-ray beam rotates around you.

Small detectors inside the scanner measure the amount of x-rays that make it through the part of the body being studied. A computer takes this information and uses it to create a number of images, called slices. These images can be stored, viewed on a monitor, printed on film or saved on a disk. Three-dimensional models of organs can be created by stacking the individual slices together.

You must be still during the exam, because movement causes blurred images. You may be told to hold your breath for short periods of time.

在某些情况下, 碘基染料, 叫对比, may be injected into your vein before images are taken. Contrast can highlight specific areas inside the body, which creates a clearer image.

在其他情况下, a CT of the lumbosacral spine is done after injecting contrast dye into the spinal canal during a 腰椎穿刺 to further check for compression on the nerves. This is called a CT myelogram.

The scan usually lasts a few minutes.

如何准备考试

You should remove all jewelry or other metal objects before the test. This is because they may cause inaccurate and blurry images.

If you do need a 腰椎穿刺, you may be asked to stop your blood thinners or anti-inflammatory medicines (NSAIDs) several days before the procedure. Check with your health care provider ahead of time.

考试的感觉如何

x光片是无痛的. Some people may have discomfort from lying on the hard table.

Contrast may cause a slight burning sensation, a metallic taste in the mouth, and a warm flushing of the body. These sensations are normal and usually go away within a few seconds.

为什么要进行测试

CT rapidly creates detailed pictures of the body. A CT of the lumbosacral spine can evaluate 骨折s and changes in the spine, such as those due to arthritis or deformities.

异常结果意味着什么

CT of the lumbosacral spine may reveal the following conditions or diseases:

• 囊肿
• 椎间盘突出
• 脊髓狭窄
• 感染
• Cancer that has spread to the spine
• 骨关节炎
• 骨软化 (骨头软化)
• 的神经
• 肿瘤
• 椎 骨折 (脊柱骨折)

风险

The most common type of contrast given into a vein contains iodine. If a person with an iodine allergy is given this type of contrast, then 荨麻疹, 瘙痒, 恶心想吐, 呼吸困难, or other symptoms may occur.

If you have kidney problems, diabetes or are on kidney dialysis, talk to your provider before the test about your risks of having contrast studies.

CT scans and other x-rays are strictly monitored and controlled to make sure they use the least amount of radiation. The risk associated with any individual scan is small. The risk increases when many more scans are performed.

在某些情况下, a CT scan may still be done if the benefits greatly outweigh the risks. For example, it can be more risky not to have the exam if your provider thinks you might have cancer.

Pregnant or breastfeeding women should consult their provider about the risk of CT scans to the baby. Radiation during pregnancy can affect the baby, and the dye used with CT scans can enter breast milk.

参考文献

雾人是的. Angiography: principles, techniques and complications. In: Adam A, Dixon AK, Gillard JH, Schaefer-Prokop CM, eds. 格兰杰 & Allison's Diagnostic Radiology. 7日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021:chap 78.

Van Thielen T, van den Hauwe L, Van Goethem JW, Parizel PM. Current status of imaging of the spine and anatomical features. In: Adam A, Dixon AK, Gillard JH, Schaefer-Prokop CM, eds. 格兰杰 & Allison's Diagnostic Radiology. 7日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021:chap 47.