Intracardiac electrophysiology study (EPS)

定义

Intracardiac electrophysiology study (EPS) is a test to look at how well the heart's electrical signals are working. It is used to evaluate abnormal heartbeats or 心脏的节奏.

选择的名字

Electrophysiology study - intracardiac; EPS - intracardiac; Abnormal 心脏的节奏 - EPS; Bradycardia - EPS; Tachycardia - EPS; Fibrillation - EPS; Arrhythmia - EPS; 心传导阻滞 - EPS

如何执行测试

Wire electrodes are placed in the heart to do this test. These electrodes measure electrical activity in the heart.

The procedure is done in a hospital laboratory. The staff will include a cardiologist, technicians, and nurses.

为了进行这项研究:

• Your groin and/or neck area will be cleaned and numbing medicine (anesthetic) will be applied to the skin.
• The cardiologist will then place several IVs (called sheaths) into the groin or neck area. Once these IVs are in place, wires or electrodes can be passed through the sheaths into your body.
• The doctor uses moving x-ray images (fluoroscopy) to guide the catheter into the heart and place the electrodes in the right places.
• The electrodes pick up the heart's electrical signals.
• Electrical signals from the electrodes may be used to make the heart skip beats or produce an abnormal heart rhythm. This can help the doctor understand more about what is causing the abnormal heart rhythm or where in the heart it is starting.
• You may also be given medicines that may also be used for the same purpose.

Other procedures that may also be done during the test:

• 植入心脏 起搏器
• Procedure to modify small areas in your heart that may be causing your heart rhythm problems (called 导管消融)

如何准备考试

You will be told not to eat or drink for 6 to 8 hours before the test.

你要穿病号服. You must sign a consent form for the procedure.

Your health care provider will tell you ahead of time if you need to make changes to the medicines you regularly take. Do not stop taking or change any medicines without first talking to your provider.

In most cases, you will be given medicine to help you feel calm before the procedure. The study can last from 1 hour up to several hours. You may not be able to drive home afterward, so you should plan for someone to drive you.

考试的感觉如何

考试时你会保持清醒. You may feel some discomfort when the IV is placed into your arm. You may also feel some pressure at the site when the catheter is inserted. You may feel your heart skipping beats or racing at times.

为什么要进行测试

Your provider may order this test if you have signs of an abnormal heart rhythm (心律失常).

You may need to have other tests before this study is done.

易办事可在下列情况下进行:

• Test the function of your heart's electrical system
• Pinpoint a known abnormal heart rhythm (心律失常) that is starting in the heart
• Decide the best therapy for an abnormal heart rhythm
• Determine whether you are at risk for future heart events, especially sudden cardiac death
• See if medicine is controlling an abnormal heart rhythm
• 看看你需不需要心脏起搏器 植入式心律转复除颤器 (ICD)

异常结果意味着什么

Abnormal results may be due to abnormal 心脏的节奏 that are too slow or too fast. 这些可能包括:

• 心房纤颤 或颤振
• 心传导阻滞
• 病窦综合征
• 室上性心动过速 (a collection of abnormal 心脏的节奏 that start in the upper chambers of the heart)
• 心室颤动和 室性心动过速
• Wolff-Parkinson-White综合症

There may be other causes that are not on this list.

The provider must find the location and type of heart rhythm problem in order to determine the proper treatment.

风险

The procedure is very safe in most cases. 可能的风险包括:

• 心律失常
• 出血
• 血凝块导致 栓塞
• 心脏压塞
• 心脏病
• 感染
• 静脉损伤
• 低血压
• 中风

参考文献

Ferreira SW, Mehdirad AA. The electrophysiology laboratory and electrophysiologic procedures. 见:Sorajja P, Lim MJ, Kern MJ，编. 科恩心导管插入术手册. 7日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 7.

Nattel S, Tomaselli GF. 心律失常的机制. In: Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Bhatt DL, Solomon SD, eds. Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine. 12日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2022:chap 62.

Olgin我. Approach to the patient with suspected 心律失常. 参见:Goldman L, Schafer AI主编. Goldman-Cecil医学. 26日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 56.