粪便脂肪

定义

The fecal fat test measures the amount of fat in the stool. This can help gauge the percentage of dietary fat that the body does not absorb.

Alternative Names

Quantitative stool fat determination; 脂肪 absorption

How the Test is Performed

There are many ways to collect the samples.

• For adults and children, you can catch the stool on plastic wrap that is loosely placed over the toilet bowl and held in place by the toilet seat. Then put the sample in a clean container. One test kit supplies a special toilet tissue that you use to collect the sample, then put the sample in a clean container.
• For infants and children wearing diapers, you can line the diaper with plastic wrap. If the plastic wrap is placed properly, you can prevent mixing of urine and stool. This will provide a better sample.

Collect all stool that is released over a 24-hour period (or sometimes 3 days) in the containers provided. Label the containers with name, time, and date, and send them to the lab.

How to Prepare for the Test

Eat a normal diet containing about 100 grams (g) of fat per day for 3 days before starting the test. The health care provider may ask you to stop using drugs or 食品添加剂 that could affect the test.

How the Test will Feel

The test involves only normal bowel movements. There is no discomfort.

Why the Test is Performed

This test evaluates fat absorption to tell how well the liver, 胆囊, 胰腺, and intestines are working.

脂肪 吸收不良 can cause a change in your stools called steatorrhea. To absorb fat normally, the body needs 胆汁 from the 胆囊 (or liver if the 胆囊 has been removed), enzymes from the 胰腺, and a normal small intestine.

正常的结果

Less than 7 g of fat per 24 hours.

What Abnormal Results Mean

Decreased fat absorption may be caused by:

• 胆 肿瘤
• 胆 stricture
• 乳糜泻 (浇口)
• Chronic pancreatitis
• 克罗恩病
• 囊性纤维化
• 胆结石(胆石病)
• Pancreatic cancer
• 胰腺炎
• Radiation enteritis
• Short bowel syndrome (for example from surgery or an inherited problem)
• Small bowel bacterial overgrowth
• 惠普尔疾病

风险

There are no risks.

注意事项

Factors that interfere with the test are:

• 灌肠
• 泻药
• 矿物油
• Inadequate fat in diet prior to and during the stool collection

参考文献

休斯顿CD. Intestinal protozoa. In: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, eds. Sleisenger and Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease. 11日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021:chap 113.

Semrad CE. Approach to the patient with diarrhea and 吸收不良. In: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Medicine. 26日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 131.

Siddiqui UD, Hawes RH. Chronic pancreatitis. In: Chandrasekhara V, Elmunzer JB, Khashab MA, Muthusamy RV, eds. Clinical Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. 3日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019:chap 59.