巨细胞病毒血检

定义

The 巨细胞病毒血检 determines the presence of substances (proteins) called 抗体 to a virus called cytomegalovirus (CMV) in the blood.

Alternative Names

CMV antibody tests

How the Test is Performed

A blood sample is needed.

How to Prepare for the Test

There is no special preparation for the test.

How the Test will Feel

When the needle is inserted to draw blood, some people feel moderate pain, while others feel only a prick or stinging. Afterward, there may be some throbbing or a slight bruise. This soon goes away.

Why the Test is Performed

巨细胞病毒感染 is a disease caused by a type of herpes virus.

The 巨细胞病毒血检 is performed to detect current active 巨细胞病毒感染, or past 巨细胞病毒感染 in people who are at risk for reactivation of infection. These people include organ transplant recipients and those with a suppressed immune system. The test may also be performed to detect 巨细胞病毒感染 in newborns.

正常的结果

People who have never been infected with CMV have no detectable 抗体 to CMV.

Normal value ranges may vary slightly among different laboratories. Some labs use different measurements or test different samples. Talk to your health care provider about the meaning of your specific test results.

What Abnormal Results Mean

The presence of 抗体 to CMV indicates a current or past infection with CMV. If the number of 抗体 (called the antibody titer) rises over a few weeks, it may mean that you have a current or recent infection.

Long-term (chronic) 巨细胞病毒感染 (in which the antibody count stays about the same over time) can reactivate in a person with a suppressed immune system.

风险

There is little risk involved with having your blood taken. Veins and arteries vary in size from one person to another and from one side of the body to the other. Taking blood from some people may be more difficult than from others.

Other risks associated with having blood drawn are slight, but may include:

• Excessive bleeding
• Fainting or feeling lightheaded
• Multiple punctures to locate veins
• Hematoma (blood accumulating under the skin)
• Infection (a slight risk any time the skin is broken)

注意事项

To detect a blood or organ infection with CMV, the provider can test for the presence of CMV itself in the blood or a specific organ.

参考文献

布瑞特WJ. 巨细胞病毒. In: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, eds. Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 9日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 137.

Hogan CA, Broadhurst MJ, Wang H, Pinsky BA. 病毒感染. In: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, eds. Henry's Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods. 24日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2022:chap 64.