骨病变活检

定义

A bone lesion biopsy is the removal of a piece of bone or bone marrow for examination.

选择的名字

骨 biopsy; Biopsy - bone

How the Test is Performed

The test is done in the following way:

• An x射线, CT or MRI scan is likely used to guide the exact placement of the biopsy instrument.
• The health care provider applies a numbing medicine (local anesthetic) to the area.
• A small cut is then made in the skin.
• A special drill needle is often used. This needle is gently inserted through the cut, then pushed and twisted into the bone.
• Once the sample is obtained, the needle is twisted out.
• Pressure is applied to the site. Once bleeding stops, stitches are applied, and covered with a bandage.
• The sample is sent to a lab for examination.

骨 biopsy may also be done under general anesthesia to remove a larger sample. Then surgery to remove the bone can be done if the biopsy exam shows that there is an abnormal growth or cancer.

How to Prepare for the Test

Follow your health care provider's instructions on how to prepare. This may include not eating and drinking for several hours before the procedure. If you take any blood thinners, please make sure you stop them ahead of the procedure.

How the Test will Feel

通过穿刺活检, you may feel some discomfort and pressure, even though a local anesthetic is used. You must remain still during the procedure.

After the biopsy, the area may be sore or tender for several days.

Why the Test is Performed

The most common reasons for bone lesion biopsy are to tell the difference between cancerous and noncancerous bone tumors and to identify other bone or bone marrow problems. It may be performed on people with 骨痛 and tenderness, particularly if x射线, CT scan, or other testing reveals a problem.

正常的结果

No abnormal bone tissue is found.

What Abnormal Results Mean

An abnormal result may be any of the following problems.

Benign (noncancerous) bone tumors, such as:

• 骨 囊肿
• 纤维瘤
• 成骨细胞瘤
• 骨样骨瘤

Cancerous tumors, such as:

• 尤因肉瘤
• 多发性骨髓瘤
• 骨肉瘤
• Other types of cancer that may have spread to the bone

Abnormal results may also be due to:

• 骨炎fibrosa (weak and deformed bone)
• 骨软化 (softening of the bones)
• 骨髓炎 (骨感染)
• 骨 marrow disorders (leukemia or lymphoma)

风险

风险 of this procedure may include:

• 骨折
• 骨 infection (osteomyelitis)
• Damage to surrounding tissue
• 不舒服
• 大出血
• Infection near the biopsy area

A serious risk of this procedure is bone infection. 症状包括:

• 发热
• 发冷
• 更严重的疼痛
• Redness and swelling of around the biopsy site
• Drainage of pus from the biopsy site

If you have any of these signs, contact your provider right away.

People with bone disorders who also have blood clotting disorders may have an increased risk of bleeding.

参考文献

Katsanos K, Sabharwal T, Cazzato RL, Gangi A. Skeletal interventions. In: Adam A, Dixon AK, Gillard JH, Schaefer-Prokop CM, eds. 格兰杰 & Allison's Diagnostic Radiology. 7日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021:chap 87.

Schwartz HS, Holt GE, Halpern JL. 骨肿瘤. In: Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. Sabiston Textbook of Surgery. 21艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2022:chap 33.

Schwartz HS, Holt GE, Halpern JL. Interventional radiologic techniques in management of bone tumors. In: Heymann D, ed. 骨癌. 3日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2022:chap 33.