Abdominal CT scan

Definition

An abdominal CT scan is an imaging method. 这个测试使用x射线来制作腹部区域的横切面图片. CT stands for computed tomography.

Alternative Names

Computed tomography scan - abdomen; CT scan - abdomen; CT abdomen and pelvis

How the Test is Performed

你将躺在一张狭窄的桌子上，这张桌子滑入CT扫描仪的中心. 大多数情况下，你会仰卧，双臂举过头顶.

Once you are inside the scanner, the machine's x-ray beam rotates around you. 现代螺旋扫描仪可以不间断地进行检查.

计算机会生成腹部区域的单独图像. These are called slices. 这些图像可以存储，在监视器上观看，打印在胶片上或保存到磁盘上. 通过将切片堆叠在一起，可以制作出腹部区域的三维模型.

考试时你必须保持不动，因为移动会使图像模糊. 你可能会被告知短时间屏住呼吸.

In many cases, an abdominal CT is done with a pelvis CT.

The scan should take less than 30 minutes.

How to Prepare for the Test

你需要在考试前注射一种叫做造影剂的特殊染料. 对比有助于某些区域在扫描中显示得更好. Contrast can be administered in various ways. Such as:

• 造影剂可以通过手或前臂的静脉注射. If contrast is used, 您也可能被要求在测试前4到6小时内不要吃或喝任何东西.
• 你可能得在考试前喝点对比剂. 你什么时候喝酒取决于你所做的检查类型. 反差酒有白垩味，虽然有些加了调味，所以味道好一点. 你喝下的对比度会通过你的粪便排出体外，是无害的.

让你的医疗保健提供者知道你是否曾经对对比有过反应. 您可能需要在测试前服用药物以安全地接受该物质.

Before receiving the contrast, 如果您正在服用糖尿病药物二甲双胍(Glucophage)，请告知您的十大赌博平台排行榜. 服用此药的人可能要在测试前停药一段时间.

如果你有任何肾脏问题，让你的十大赌博平台排行榜知道. The IV contrast can worsen kidney function.

Too much weight can damage the scanner. 如果您的体重超过300磅(135公斤)，请了解CT机是否有重量限制。.

在研究期间，您需要摘掉您的首饰并穿上病号服.

How the Test will Feel

躺在硬桌子上可能会有点不舒服.

如果你通过静脉(IV)进行对比，你可能有:

• Slight burning sensation
• Metallic taste in the mouth
• Warm flushing of the body

这些感觉是正常的，几秒钟内就会消失.

Why the Test is Performed

腹部CT扫描可以很快地绘制出腹部内部结构的详细图像.

This test may be used to look for:

• Cause of blood in the urine
• Cause of abdominal pain or swelling
• 导致血液检查结果异常，如肝脏或肾脏问题
• Hernia
• Cause of a fever
• Masses and tumors, including cancer
• Infections or injury
• Kidney stones
• Appendicitis

What Abnormal Results Mean

腹部CT扫描可能显示一些癌症，包括:

• Cancer of the renal pelvis or ureter
• Colon cancer
• Hepatocellular carcinoma
• Lymphoma
• Melanoma
• Ovarian cancer
• Pancreatic cancer
• Pheochromocytoma
• Renal cell carcinoma (kidney cancer)
• Spread of cancers that began outside the belly

腹部CT扫描可能显示胆囊、肝脏或胰腺的问题，包括:

• Acute cholecystitis
• Alcoholic liver disease
• Cholelithiasis
• Pancreatic abscess
• Pancreatic pseudocyst
• Pancreatitis
• Blockage of bile ducts

腹部CT扫描可显示以下肾脏问题:

• Blockage of the kidneys
• Hydronephrosis (kidney swelling from the backflow of urine)
• Kidney infection
• Kidney stones
• Kidney or ureter damage
• Polycystic kidney disease

Abnormal results may also be due to:

• Abdominal aortic aneurysm
• Abscesses
• Appendicitis
• Bowel wall thickening
• Crohn disease
• Renal artery stenosis
• Renal vein thrombosis

Risks

Risks of CT scans include:

• Allergy to contrast dye
• Exposure to radiation
• Damage to kidney function from contrast dye

CT扫描比普通的x光扫描让你暴露在更多的辐射下. 长时间进行多次x光或CT扫描可能会增加患癌症的风险. However, the risk from any one scan is small. 大多数现代扫描仪都能减少辐射暴露. 和你的十大赌博平台排行榜谈谈这种风险，以及对你的医疗问题进行正确诊断的测试的好处.

Some people have allergies to contrast dye. 如果你曾经对注射造影剂有过敏反应，让你的十大赌博平台排行榜知道.

最常见的静脉造影剂含有碘. If you have an iodine allergy, you may have nausea or vomiting, sneezing, itching, or hives if you get this type of contrast. 如果你必须提供这种对比，你的提供者可能会给你 antihistamines (如苯海拉明)或类固醇.

Your kidneys help remove IV dye from the body. 如果你有肾脏疾病或糖尿病，你可能需要额外的液体来帮助你排出体内的碘.

这种染料很少会引起危及生命的过敏反应. 如果在测试过程中呼吸有困难，请立即告诉扫描仪操作员. 扫描仪配有对讲机和扬声器，因此操作员可以随时听到您的声音.

References

Al Sarraf AA, McLaughlin PD, Maher MM. 胃肠道影像学的现状. 见:Adam A, Dixon AK, Gillard JH, Schaefer-Prokop CM，编. Grainger & 艾利森诊断放射学:医学影像教科书. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021:chap 18.

Levin MS, Gore RM. 胃肠病学诊断成像程序. In: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Medicine. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 124.

Martinez JP. Abdominal pain. In: Walls RM, ed. 罗森的急诊医学:概念和临床实践. 10th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2023:chap 23.