肝移植术语
脓肿 -局部感染.
血管造影 — A test that uses X-rays to view blood vessels and detect blockages or other problems in the vessels. A dye is injected into the blood vessel to make the blood flow visible on an X-ray.
腹水 — The abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity caused by poor liver function and increased pressure in the liver veins.
胆红素 — Pigment that's released from the normal breakdown of red blood cells and removed from the blood by the liver and passed into the intestine as part of the bile.
尸体供体 — A donor whose brain has suffered irreversible damage. In all cases, either the donor or the donor's family has agreed to the donation. Testing is performed to ensure that the organs are not damaged in any way, and then the organs are matched to a transplant candidate of compatible size and blood type.
猫/ CT扫描 — Computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scan) is a three-dimensionaI X-ray picture of the internal organs used to detect a mass, 脓肿, 组织损伤或体内出血.
肝硬化 — A chronic scarring and degeneration of the liver cells. 许多不同的疾病都可能导致肝硬化.
胆管造影照片 -向胆管注射染料, 直接或通过t形管, 看看胆汁是否流入肠道.
凝血障碍 -血液凝固异常.
超声心动图 — A test that uses sound waves to create a moving picture of the heart and determine how effectively the heart is pumping.
水肿 — A condition in which the body retains too much fluid in the tissues, 尤其是腿部, 脚踝和手.
心电图 — A test used to determine the type of heart rhythm and detect any injury to the heart tissue. 考试期间, electrodes are placed on the chest to detect the heart's electrical activity.
脑病 -意识的改变, thinking abilities and behavior seen in advanced liver disease and caused by the accumulation of wastes from protein breakdown.
内窥镜 ——小的, telescope-like instrument that can be inserted into the esophagus, 胃和部分小肠.
肝炎 -肝脏的炎症.
飞驒扫描 — A test that helps measure general liver function and determines if there are any blockages of the 胆管. 考试期间, a special dye is injected into an arm vein and its progress is tracked through the liver, 胆管, 胆囊和小肠.
免疫反应 — The body's attempt to protect itself from bacteria, viruses and other materials that appear foreign to the body, 比如移植的肝脏. Immunosuppressive or anti-rejection medicines are used to try to control the body's immune response to a transplanted liver.
黄疸 — Yellowness of the skin, membranes and body secretions caused by increased levels of bilirubin.
肝活组织检查 — The taking of a small piece of liver tissue so the tissue can be examined for signs of damage, such as the body's rejection of a transplanted liver. The sample is obtained by inserting a special needle through the abdominal wall into the liver.
多路采集(MUGA)扫描 — A scan of the heart that uses a radioactive tracer to assess the function of the heart and determine cardiac impairment.
瘀点 — Small spots of blood leakage in the skin or membranes. 这些通常与凝血不良有关.
门脉高压 — High blood pressure in the veins of the liver caused by the damage and hardening of the liver around the veins. This high blood pressure forces the blood to be rerouted to other veins so it can return to the heart.
瘙痒 -痒的医学术语. 瘙痒 may be caused by high levels of bilirubin.
拒绝 — The body's attempt to protect itself from foreign tissues, such as a new liver. Immunosuppressive or anti-rejection medicines are used to try to prevent this.
硬化疗法 — Treatment of varicose (swollen) veins by injecting chemicals that cause clotting and hardening of the veins. It's often done to prevent bleeding from the vessels into the esophagus or stomach.
脓毒症 -血流严重感染.
丁字管 ——小的, soft tube that is temporarily inserted into the large bile duct to allow it to heal after liver transplant surgery without scarring and bile blockage.
超声波 — The use of sound waves to produce a picture of the inside of the body. 常用于检测肿块或脓肿, or to determine bile duct size and blood flow in the liver veins.
静脉曲张 — Swollen blood vessels often found in the stomach, esophagus and intestines when there is high pressure in the liver veins.
加州大学旧金山分校健康 medical specialists have reviewed this information. It is for educational purposes only and is not intended to replace the advice of your doctor or other health care provider. We encourage you to discuss any questions or concerns you may have with your provider.